Bali is a small island, which barely shows up on the world map. There are other, smaller islands surrounding Bali, such as Menjangan, which belongs to the regency of Buleleng, Serangan, which is part of the city of Denpasar, and Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan and Nusa Ceningan, which together belong to the regency of Klungkung. Bali has an area of 5.632 km, a coastline of 529 km, and is inhabited by a population of around three million people, including ethnic Balinese and immigrants from elsewhere. Consisting of eight regencies and one capital city, it has a population rate of 517people/km in its most densely populated areas. The largest lowland is located in the regency of Buleleng in northern Bali, with an area of 1.365.88 km or around 24.25% of the whole area of Bali.

Geographically, the province of Bali is situated between 8°03′40″ – 8°50′48″ of the south latitude, and between 114°25′53″ – 115°42′40″ of the east meridian. On the west, there is the Bali Strait separating the island from Java, and on the east, there is the Lombok Strait, separating the island from Lombok. The southern coast faces the Indian Ocean, and the northern coast, the Java Sea. The wildlife in Bali is unique, because it seems to be divided in two, north by south, by the mountain range that divides the center, and stretching out from the west to the east. Two of the mountains in this range are Gunung Batur (1,171m) and Gunung Agung (3,140m).

In the highlands, there are four lakes, Danau Batur (1,607 Ha), Danau Beratan (375.60 Ha), Danau Buyan (336 Ha) and Danau Tamblingan (110 Ha). Apart from underground water sources, supplies of water used for irrigation and the peoples’ daily needs come from the four lakes, carried through more than two hundred rivers flowing from the lakes into the sea.

Tukad Unda, Tukad Ayung, and Tukad Petanu are just a few examples of the large, southflowing rivers in Bali. Like the other parts of Indonesia, Bali has a tropical climate under the influence of seasonal winds, which change every six months. The dry season lasts from April to October, and the rainy season from October to April. The rainfall in Bali is between 1250mm up to 3000 mm per year, and each month, the temperature is between 22° and 28°, with average wind speeds of between 34 km and 14 km per hour.

Editor’s Note
See map of Nusa Lembongan.
See map of Mount Batur and surroundings.

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